- 全民英檢
- 學科能力測驗
- 指定科目考試
- 國中基測、會考
- 國小基礎英語
- 茶餘飯後
- 益智遊戲
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代名詞 (Pronouns)
代名詞通常用來代替句子中先前提及的名詞(或名詞片語),以避免同樣的名詞被重複使用。這個被替代的名詞又叫做先行詞。
The twins ran home from school because they knew their grandpa would have gifts for them.
這對雙胞胎從學校跑回家,因為他們知道他們的爺爺會有禮物給他們。
The twins ran home from school because the twins knew the twins' grandpa would have gifts for the twins. (彆扭的句子)
- 每個女孩都穿著制服。
- Each girl wore their uniform.
- Each girl wore her uniform.
然而,並不是每一個代名詞都要有先行詞。
Everyone wanted Michael to be the captain of the team.
每個人都希望 Michael 是團隊的隊長。
代名詞出現在先行詞前面
While kids his age were reading Shakespeare and dissecting frogs, Benito Vasquez was picking grapes and almonds in the Central Valley.
當同他這個年齡的孩子們在閱讀莎士比亞和解剖青蛙時,貝尼托·巴斯克斯在中央山谷採摘葡萄和杏仁。
代名詞種類非常多,我們把「常用2000字詞」中的代名詞歸類如下:
「常用2000字詞」中的代名詞
代名詞 | 範例 |
人稱代名詞 | I, me, my, you, your, he, him, his, she, her, it, its, we, us, our, they, them, their | 所有格代名詞 | mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs | 反身代名詞 | myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves | 指示代名詞 | this, that, these, those | 疑問代名詞 | who, whom, whose, which, what, where | 關係代名詞 | who, whom, whose, which, that | 相互代名詞 | each other, one another | 不定代名詞 | all, another, any, anybody, anyone, anything, both, each, either, everybody, everyone, everything, few, many, most, neither, nobody, none, nothing, one, oneself, other, some, somebody, someone, something |
代名詞和名詞同樣具有:「數」、「性」、「 格 」的特性。在格方面,代名詞作主詞時用主格,作受詞時用受格;代名詞的所有格形式與主格或受格不一樣,讀者更應該區別人稱代名詞的所有格和所有格代名詞的不同用法。
人稱代名詞的格
人稱 | 數 | 性 | 主格 | 受格 | 所有格 | 所有格代名詞 |
第一人稱 | 單數 | 陽性/陰性 | I | me | my | mine |
複數 | 陽性/陰性 | we | us | our | ours |
第二人稱 | 單數 | 陽性/陰性 | you | you | your | yours |
複數 | 陽性/陰性 | you | you | your | yours |
第三人稱 | 單數 | 陽性 | he | him | his | his |
陰性 | she | her | her | hers |
中性/無性 | it | it | its | its |
複數 | 陽性/陰性/中性/無性 | they | them | their | theirs |
In my whole life, I follow what inspires me.
在我的一生中,我追隨啟發我的事物。
I loved his visits and found myself thinking of him a lot when he was away.
我喜歡他的來訪,並且當他不在的時候,發現自己非常想他。
- 它是件可愛的禮服。
- Its a lovely dress.
- It’s a lovely dress.
- 其含義是深埋在故事的後頭。
- It's meaning is buried deep in the rest of the story.
- Its meaning is buried deep in the rest of the story.
介系詞後面的代名詞要用受格
This is a matter for me to decide.
這是一件由我來做決定的事。
- 這是Fred 和我該決定的事。
- This is a matter for Fred and I to decide.
- This is a matter for Fred and me to decide.
底下這兩個句子哪一個是對的?
I like you more than him.
I like you more than he.
其實這兩個句子都是正確的,但意義不同。
I like you more than him. (= I like you more than I like him.)
我喜歡你勝過於喜歡他。
I like you more than he. (= I like you more than he does.) (= I like you more than he likes you.)
我喜歡你勝過於他喜歡你。
一般國人使用代名詞比較容易出差錯的通常發生在主格與受格錯置。
- My sister and me went to the post office this morning.
- My sister and I went to the post office this morning.
- The teacher saw Michael and I last night.
- The teacher saw Michael and me last night.
代名詞 It 的特殊用法
代名詞 One 的特殊用法
I can't remember, Mommy. Do you owe me a hug or do I owe you one?
我不記得了,媽咪。是您欠我一個擁抱,還是我欠您一個(擁抱)?
One can't explain why one falls in love. I fell in love, period.
人們無法解釋為什麼一個人會墜入愛河。 我戀愛了,就這麼簡單。
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