反身代名詞 (Reflexive Pronoun)

代名詞字尾是 -self (單數) 或 -selves (複數) ，用以表示「...自己的」之意思，稱之為反身代名詞。

反身代名詞
人稱	單數	複數
第一人稱	myself	ourselves
第二人稱	yourself	yourselves
第三人稱	himself herself itself	themselves

反身代名詞可作動詞或介系詞的受詞，以表示動作的承受者反歸於行為者自己的身上。

She blamed herself for everything that went wrong.

她把所有錯誤都歸咎到自己身上。

動詞"blamed"的主詞 "She" 與受詞 "herself" 均指同一個人。

When working on an introduction, I ask myself what makes the story interesting.

在寫介紹篇時，我問我自己是什麼讓這個故事有趣。

動詞"ask"的主詞 "I" 與受詞 "myself" 均指同一個人，我。

You must take care of yourself.

你必須得照顧自己。

介系詞 of 後的受詞 yourself 與主詞 you 均指同一個人。

Michael introduced himself and extended his hand.

邁可介紹了自己並伸出了手。

動詞"introduced"的主詞 "Michael" 與受詞 "himself" 均指同一個人，邁可自我介紹。

She _______ herself.

(A) dressed (B) worn

她自己穿上衣服。

動詞"dress"可以有反身代名詞，但"wear"不行。

我無法阻止自己發布此消息！
I couldn't stop me from posting this!
I couldn't stop myself from posting this!

"couldn't stop ... from" - 無法阻止做某事。

The data speak for _______.

(A) itself (B) themselves

數據說明一切。

data 是複數，用第三人稱複數的反身代名詞 themselves。

One could walk away with a shrug and let the number speak for _______.

(A) yourselves (B) itself (C) ourselves (D) themselves

一個人可以聳聳肩走開，讓這數字為自己說話。

number 是單數，用第三人稱單數的反身代名詞 itself。
speaks for itself - 無需說明; 不言而喻; 有目共睹。

Forgiveness may be the kindest gift you can give _______.

(A) myself (B) itself (C) herself (D) yourself

寬恕可能是您可以送給自己的最親切的禮物。

I pride me on never missing an election. Since 1990, when I first became eligible, I have never passed up a chance to vote.
I pride myself on never missing an election. Since 1990, when I first became eligible, I have never passed up a chance to vote.

I pride myself on - 我為...感到自豪

使用反身代名詞時必須要能在句子中論及到同一個人或同一件事。

History tends to repeat itself.

歷史往往會重演.

反身代名詞 itself 與 History 指的是同一件事.

主席巴菲特和我歡迎你們來到股東大會。
Chairman Buffett and myself welcome you to the shareholder meeting.
Chairman Buffett and I welcome you to the shareholder meeting.

句子中找不到一個字可以讓 myself 論及到的人。使用反身代名詞時必須要能在句子中論及到同一個人或同一件事。

"心意才是重要" 表示某人在買禮物給你時所表現出的善意要比禮物本身更為重要。
"It's the thought that counts" means the kindness someone shows when they buy you a present is more important than the gift themself.
"It's the thought that counts" means the kindness someone shows when they buy you a present is more important than the gift itself.

Her brother often likens _______ to Zeus, the god of thunder.

(A) himself (B) he (C) his (D) him

她的哥哥經常把自己比作雷神宙斯。

及物動詞 liken，說某人與其他人相似或具有相同的特質; 把……比作[（+to）]。

動詞 "cut", "kill", "enjoy", "teach", "hurt", "prepare" 後面也經常出現反身代名詞。

Be careful with that knife. You might cut yourself.

要小心那把刀。你可能會割傷自己。

I am teaching myself to do the programming.

我教我自己如何寫程式。

Come on, why aren't you dancing? Enjoy yourself!

快過來，你怎麽不跳舞啊？好好享受吧！

(You) Enjoy yourself! 主詞 You 被省略掉。

反身代名詞的另一種功能是用來強調語氣。

I did it myself.

是我自己一個人做的。

強調我自己一個人

The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.

我們唯一害怕的就是害怕本身。

1930年代金融風暴時，美國已故前總統羅斯福（Franklin Roosevelt）的這句名言，得以建立了美國聯邦存保公司(FDIC)。這裡的 itself 是用來強調名詞 fear 害怕。
根據聯邦法律規訂，若有FDIC保險的銀行或儲貸會一旦倒閉，它就可以保護客戶某種程度的存款免受損失。

用以強調語氣的反身代名詞，若把它從句子刪除，整個句子在文法上還是正確的。

I myself don't know the answer.

我自己也不知道答案。

這裡的 myself 是用來加強代名詞“I”的語氣,我自己。

I ~~myself~~ don't know the answer.

拿調 myself 整個句子還是正確的。

Paul polished the Porsche himself.

保羅他自己擦亮這部保時捷。

Paul polished the Porsche ~~himself~~.

拿調 himself 整個句子還是正確的。

請將正確答案拖放到適當的空格內，再按Solve鈕看結果。

He went to the movie(s) by .
The contract was written by the partners .
Laura should not be allowed to go out late night by .
I bought it for .
Did you ever ask "why"?
A new generation puts at risk.
We would never say such a thing.

herself himself itself myself ourselves themselves yourself

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